Implementation Gap between the Theory and Practice of Biodiversity Offset Multipliers

نویسندگان

  • Joseph William Bull
  • Samuel Pelham Lloyd
  • Niels Strange
چکیده

Emerging policies worldwide require biodiversity gains as compensation for losses associated with economic development, seeking to achieve „no net loss‟ (NNL). Multipliers – factors by which gains are larger than associated losses – can be crucial for true NNL. Here, we review the theoretical literature on multipliers. Then, we collate data on multipliers implemented in practice, representing the most complete such assessment to date. Finally, we explore remaining design gaps relating to social, ethical and governance considerations. Multiplier values should theoretically be tens or hundreds when considering, for example, ecological uncertainties. We propose even larger multipliers required to satisfy previously ignored considerations – including prospect theory, taboo trades, and power relationships. Conversely, our data analyses show that multipliers are smaller in practice, regularly < 10.0, and have not changed significantly in magnitude over time.

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

A method for calculating minimum biodiversity offset multipliers accounting for time discounting, additionality and permanence

Biodiversity offsetting, which means compensation for ecological and environmental damage caused by development activity, has recently been gaining strong political support around the world. One common criticism levelled at offsets is that they exchange certain and almost immediate losses for uncertain future gains. In the case of restoration offsets, gains may be realized after a time delay of...

متن کامل

Offset Policy: An Advanced Countertrade Practice

This paper explains offset and develops a strategic approach for the implementation of offset-policy for a buyer country. Offset emerges when a country cannot afford to pay cash for non-essential imports, and cannot get cash for many of its products. Offset arrangements are most frequently found in the defense-related sector. However, recently, it refers to a range of industrial and commercial ...

متن کامل

From Knowing to Doing—From the Academy to Practice; Comment on “The Many Meanings of Evidence: Implications for the Translational Science Agenda in Healthcare”

In this commentary, the idea of closing the gap between knowing and doing through closing the gap between academics and practitioners is explored. The two communities approach to knowledge production and use, has predominated within healthcare, resulting in a separation between the worlds of research and practice, and, therefore, between its producers and users. Meaningful collaborations betwee...

متن کامل

On Health Policy and Management (HPAM): Mind the Theory-Policy-Practice Gap

We argue that the field of Health Policy and Management (HPAM) ought to confront the gap between theory, policy, and practice. Although there are perennial efforts to reform healthcare systems, the conceptual barriers are considerable and reflect the theory-policy-practice gap. We highlight four dimensions of the gap: 1) the dominance of microeconomic thinking in health policy analysis and desi...

متن کامل

Strategies for reducing theory practice gap in nursing education: An Integrative Review

Introduction:According to the nature of the nursing profession, the education process is based on two parts of theory and practice. To educate nurses who can provide proper care by health standards, attention to both sectors is essential. However, the gap between the theory of practice is one of the challenges posed in nursing education. So that the approaches of studies in the field of nursing...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2016